1 Currently, the commercial space sector offers a range of capabilities and services that could meet the USSF and DoD’s space needs. For example, DoD purchases commercial satellite communications (SATCOM) services and commercial imagery to support a wide range of military Applications. Additional opportunities exist with new commercial entrants in other space sectors, such as space domain awareness (SDA), weather, and re mote sensing, which are developing innovative capabilities with proliferated constellations of *all satellites. Other new sectors, such as on-orbit satellite servicing and ground station data transport, are emerging.
As the commercial space sector is expanding the types of service it offers and is increasing its capabilities with advanced technologies, the USSF and DoD face many choices about which commercial capability to leverage, for which military application they should use commercial capabilities, and how they should acquire those capabilities. Given the importance of these choices, the USSF S5/9 asked RAND Project AIR FORCE to develop a framework for evaluating the opportunities and risks of leveraging commercial space capabilities and make recommendations to help the USSF develop a robust strategy, including risk mitigation, for leveraging commercial space capabilities during all phases of a warfighting conflict. As part of that effort, we conducted a survey of the commercial space sector to characterize capabilities and trends—the subject of this report.
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